Genetic analysis of UV-induced, developmental variations in Coprinus basidiocarp: the elongationless and expansionless. The induction of morphogenetic variations in Coprinus basidiocarps by UV irradiation. Les problèmes du développement des carpophores des Agaricales et de quelques groupes voisins. Genetic and environmental aspects of fruiting in Schizophyllum commune Fr.

A mutation that blocks initiation of fruiting. Fruit-bodies with white pilei of Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. Studies on abnormal fruit-bodies of hymenomycetous fungi. However, the pinheads need nutrition and time to get into the shape of an actual mushroom. The pinheads are visible to the naked eye. And, pinheads are the first stage of the growth of the actual mushrooms. Sterile fruit-bodies of Lentinus edodes (Berk.). At this stage, the mycelium has gathered up enough nutrition to produce mushrooms. Studies on abnormal fruit-bodies of the hymenomycetous fungi. Fruit-bodies with brownish gills of Lentinus edodes (Berk.). Trikaryotic fruit-bodies of Coprinus macrorhizus f. Undeveloped fruit-bodies of Coprinus macrorhizus f. Variation in the expansibility of pilei in Coprinus macrorhizus form. Thymidine kinase: Evidence for its absence from Neurospora crassa and some other micro-organisms, and the relevance of this to the specific labelling of deoxyribonucleic acid. Botanische Untersuchungen über Schimmelpilze III, Basidiomyceten I. UV treatment induced maturationless at the highest rate, while NG treatment sporeless.īrefeld, O. Compound types of variations such as “elongation-expansionless,” “elongation-sporeless,” “expansion-sporeless,” and “elongation-expansion-sporeless” were also induced. stipe elongation, pileus expansion, spore formation, and perhaps pileus autolysis, can proceed independently. It has been noticed that the four steps of maturation, i.e. The induced variations were classified into seven basic types as follows: 1) “knotless”, in which hyphal knots, the first sign of fruiting, do not differentiate 2) “primordiumless,” in which hyphal knots are formed, but no further development occurs 3) “maturationles”, in which primordia are formed, but the maturation of primordia into adult fruit bodies does not occur 4) “elongationless”, in which the elongation of stipe is blocked, and a basidiocarp with a very short stipe is produced 5) “expansionless,” in which pilei do not expand normally 6) “sporeless,” in which the formation of basidiospores is blocked and albinic pilei bearing none or only a small amount of spores are produced and 7) “autolysisless,” in which the autolysis of pilei does not appear to occur. Both UV and NG were very efficient in inducing such variations, but BU was not. Fruiting test was made with the remaining 10,641 dikaryotic isolates, of which 1,594 showed abnormality in basidiocarp development. Among a total of 11,383 isolates, 742 were homokaryons. The dikaryon #5026 ( A2B2)+#5132 ( A7B7) of the basidiomycete Coprinus macrorhizus was treated with ultraviolet light (UV), N-methyl- N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine (NG), and 5-bromouracil (BU) in order to induced developmental variations in fruiting.

Hyphal knots vs primordia